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Islam and Pluralism (20 Jun 2012 NewAgeIslam.Com)
Islam, Muslims and Enmity with Jews and Christians

 

By Asad Mufti

(Translated from Urdu by Arman Neyazi, New Age Islam)

9 June 2012

A Holland magazine recently reproduced a Wall Street Journal report with its editorial analysis. The said report claims that Muslims of the world are not citizens of any particular country. They are busy in conspiracies against their own countries of residence. According to the journal, Muslims are brothers of other Muslims wherever they are. The report says that countries must think twice before giving citizenship to any Muslim because even though he may be following customs and rituals of that country as a citizen, one day he will certainly come under the influence of militant teachings of Islam and follow this guideline of his religious book, Quran, “O YOU who have attained to faith! Do not take the Jews and the Christians for your allies: they are but allies of one another. (Surah: 5:51)

It is a harsh reality that certain Ulema have, knowingly or unknowingly, done great damage to Islam. These Ulema are presenting Islam to non-Muslims, western countries and America as an intolerant and confrontational religion. We must bring basic changes in this attitude by reforming ourselves.

There are certain Ulema who do not understand “Islam” and claim to be close to Allah. They say there is no national identity in Islam. They say Islam is for the whole world. No one is an Arab or a non-Arab, a Kashmiri, Sindhi or a Baloch. Citizen of Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, India, Germany, France, England or of any other nation have no individual or community religion. All are Muslim Ummah. No Muslim is bound to follow any national law. Muslims are only bound to follow God’s command.

These are the people who have instilled the fear of the Day of Judgement in the hearts of Muslim Ummah to misguide them.

We, whose individual lives are in no way guided by Islam, are ourselves responsible in presenting Islam’s wrong image by claiming that “Jews and Christians are our enemies”. Not only common Muslims but the educated class and so called Ulema and Masha’aikh are also responsible for this misrepresentation of Islam. In the given situation it will be out of place to request Ulema to reform themselves. These Ulema, Masha’aikh are quite unknown to the scholastic values.

Our downfall has started since the time these “thinkers of Islam” have started valuing high bands of their pyjamas (oonche Paainche) instead of high morals. With these high band pyjamas above their ankles and net caps they are getting close to Deen, as they claim, and far from the world.

Respect for other religions and pluralism is the most favoured subjects of discussion these days. Islam has also ordered explicitly to respect other religions.

A funeral was passing, Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) stood on his place with respect. Sahaba Keram (ra) informed him that it is a funeral of a Jew. Prophet (pbuh) asked, “Was he not a human being?  As far as I am concerned it is enough to respect a man because he is a human being.”

We are living in 21st century and this century is different from other centuries in every respect. Requirements of this century are different. All of us, Muslims, Jews, Christians, Hindus and people belonging to all other religions or even atheists are working for mutual cooperation. This very contemporary awareness demands all of us, specially the Muslims, not to be each other’s enemy, even in the face of differences that we may be having. Whatever religion we may appear to be following, our greatest fault is that we do not really worship God; we worship our religion and use it for spreading enmity among ourselves. It is Muslims’ duty to have special love for Christians and Jewish faith and have a feeling of brotherhood. Time has come we accept that Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) never differentiated among Prophet Moses (pbuh), Prophet Jesus Christ (pbuh) or any other prophet.

I am of the view that the followers of Islam do not reach the soul of Islam and this is the reason why Islam has got divided into two parts; one group is that of people who follow rituals and customs of the religion and the other ‘the Ulema and scholars’ who boast of having basic knowledge of religion.

According to me main reason of the misunderstandings between both the parties, Christian, Jews and Muslims, is the ignorance of their respective religions. We have either not tried to study them in their originality or we have studied them within our own mental framework. Hence we, the Muslims could not understand them.

As far as my knowledge goes no book during the last one thousand years has been written by any Muslim after Al-Beruni wrote “Al-Hind” which carries the objective that I too have behind writing this article, i.e., ‘interfaith dialogue. Al-Beruni clearly advocated the necessity of interfaith dialogue in his preface. (Al-Beruni ka Hindustan, P: 5)

There is no doubt that a large group of Muslims nursing militant and anti-democracy thoughts live in European countries. This cannot be ascribed to a reaction against the anti-Muslim European groups. In any case, one wrongdoing cannot be a justification of another wrong action. Discussions between Jews, Christians and Muslims are the need of the hour and it has already been started by the western countries. 

“Do not take the Jews and the Christians for your allies” and “our religion teaches us to behave like brothers with the followers of other faith and to forgive the enemies” are two points of view which are discussed in interfaith discussions. Which one of the above two points is right? I request the readers to decide for themselves. Developed western countries and undeveloped Muslim countries both are in front of us and in this light; anyone can reach a correct judgement.  For that matter, there is no point in not accepting that we are not going to get another chance of solving our problems with Jews and Christians if we did not befriend them today. As we all know, there is no tomorrow.

Kis Saleeque se Mata’ae Hosh Hum Khote Rahe

Gard Chehre per Jami Thi, Aaina Dhote Rahe

(How beautifully did we keep losing our intellect,

Dust was there on the face and we kept washing the Mirror)

 

Asad Mufti is an Amsterdam-based independent Urdu journalist.

Source: Urdu Daily Hindustan Express, New Delhi, June 9, 2012

URL: http://newageislam.com/islam-and-pluralism/asad-mufti/islam,-muslims-and-enmity-with-jews-and-christians/d/7671

 


COMMENTS
  • I was about to take leave of New Age Islam for some time on medical grounds, but again I find myself sitting on the computer. This reminds me of professor Joad’s book on philosophy where he had beautifully explained why Truth attracts man against falsehood. I guess this must be Truth compelling me to counter the attack of falsehood.

    What Muhammad Yunus sb has written is from the complete understanding of Islam as derived from the holy Quran and for any person of reason this should be extremely satisfying. However, if Mr. Muhammad Yunus sb thinks that he can satisfy his pseudonymous namesake, then I am afraid I beg to disagree on the authority of the holy Quran. The holy Quran has advised us to treat at least some cases as of those, whose hearts and minds have, as if, been sealed. I mean this is not an exception to the free-will theory but rather a manifestation (which mr mohd yunus seems to understand), because if you analyze the free-will theory such cases are expected to be in existence else hell would become God ordained ( a charge leveled by the clever mr yunus). Now mr yunus (or let’s say one such person) frets and fumes why of all persons should he be the one to fall in this category, then at least my advice to him is that he has a choice to believe, and a further choice to pray for belief, if belief is not coming forth; and if he still says ‘he can’t’, ‘he just can’t’ , then at least my responsibility is over.

    Mr Mubashir has given complete answer to Mr. Ramesh on his three questions. No further input is needed. The purpose to inform the public is served.

    Now there are some one liners of mr yunus, that need to attended to for the record.

    There may not be any Quranic basis for enmity with other communities, but Ahatih are full of the same. Ahadith have second place to Quran in authenticity. How Muslims can get rid off of this enmity? It is apparent from prevailing enmity in the society. No body can shut eyes from it. Muslims are not doing any thing wrong, the fuel is supplied by Ahadith, and their great scholars.

    Why should Muslims get rid of this enmity in the first place? Who gave you the authority to ask Muslims to back out? On the other hand, we have religious authority to fight back the aggressors.


    According to this article some Ulema don’t understand true Islam. Can those be pointed? Every body in Muslims level the same accusation on others .Who under stand the True Islam, Sunnies, Shias, Devebandis, brailvies, ahle-hadith, munkreen-e-hadith, Ahle Quran? If someone find True Islam, is it not going to be a one more sect. followers will be called "True Islamists".

    Look you are rightly confused. The difficulty comes not from the word Islam, but from the word true or truth. When you look for truth, you can only approximate but you can never reach it. Haven’t you heard, ‘follow a person seeking truth, but run away from the one who has found it’. So all those sects that you have named above have reached nearest to the truth occupying several nearest points, and all are nearly opposite to the kafir, who is at the opposite end. You can expect numerous types of kafirs too, because to reach the exact absolute kufr is also difficult, my dear.

    Who is a True Muslim? Kindly define one.

    Now my difficulty is I cannot define ‘true’ except by saying that it is hidden somewhere in the holy book Quran which is a word of Allah. For guidance, however Mr. Muhammad Yunus has given a very satisfactory exegetic description of what could be the nearest approximation of True Muslim. But Muslim I can define for you rather easily. The one who looks for truth in the holy Quran, finds the principles contained therein in accordance with his capacity to understand (even with help from well-wishers) and tries to implement these principles in his life. As a Muslim his reward is guaranteed in proportion to his sincerity and endeavour.

    Who will understand True Islam if not Ulema? Is it so difficult to understand Islam. though it is termed as Deen-e-fitrat, easy to follow. What if I dont understand True Islam as many Ulema don't? Am I bound to hell for eternity even if I am a sincere person.These are very fundamental and right questions. Please don't ask to keep me from asking questions. These may not be important for others but are for me.Why Allah is not helping?

    Part, I have replied and the remaining part I am afraid you will have to ask Allah when you meet Him.

    Are some of people bound to go to hell because Allah has created hell, and it will be filled by jins wa ins? After all it is Allah's creation and its Rizq is due on Allah. In science if I am unable to understand some theory, I need not to believe it.

    Yes dear friend I am afraid some are bound for hell because they have free-will and hell is there because some are bound and not vice-verse.

    There many persons who don't believe in Theory of Evolution. They are not bound for condemnation. In science, Questions are raised. A hypothesis is offered. Data is collected. If evidence is achieved, Hypothesis becomes theory or otherwise rejected.

    So, why everything must be science? Are you showing your knowledge of science? What is your argument?

    In theology it is contrary. Theory is established, Data is may be collected or may not be collected. If Data does not approve theory, Data is rejected. Some time Data is twisted to satisfy the theory.

    Yes and no. Theology is based on wahi - a direct message from God, the Creator. That is why bogus deities are required to be shunned.

    Am I Teaching you. Certainly not. You are highly educated and retired from reputed post. It is not in my dream to teach you. It is for those don't understand scientific method.
    Kindly, correct me if wrong.

    Yes you are trying to teach atheism through a rear route. But the reason why you are teaching is not valid even from the stand point of atheism else you would have addressed these questions to Hindus, Christians and Sikhs as well.

    Most of Muslims don’t give respect to non-muslims's funeral.
    1. First they don't participate in their funeral.
    2. They don't pray for them because it is useless to pray for them. They are going to hell due to their disbelief.
    3. When Muslims hear news of muslims's death they say
    Inna Lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajioon. If they hear news of non-Muslim's death they say fanaa fin naar.
    I have seen many Non-Muslims who give utmost respect to Muslim's funerals.

    Islam was the first religion to teach how to respect a dead body. Others have learnt from Islam in varying degrees. Hindus and parsis used to defile their dead bodies. Among Hindus organized rites for the dead are only for the VIPs. P’s have no proper system of disposal of dead, so one does not know how to participate. I have seen Muslims participating in all VIP funerals of Hindus. Among Muslims, the process is more organized and supported by the society so it is possible some Hindu family friends also join. If any on seeing a Hindu’s dead-body, a Muslim says anything which is not appropriate to the occasion then he commits a grave sin. So, what you are trying to argue is not very clear.

    Having this attitude towards non-Muslims we expect respect from others.

    You should mend your ways.

    I have seen many Muslims who says good words in presence of non-muslims, but turn to their true colour of hate in Muslim-only gatherings.

    Don’t do that in future. Good and believing Muslims don’t do that. Only fake ones do.

    Muslims want to take only. They are not ready to give. (By mohd yunus - 7/12/2012 10:32:14 AM

    With givers like you, Muslims can only afford to take hatred.
    By Manzoorul Haque - 7/16/2012 1:28:05 PM
  • @Mohd. Yunus! You have asked me a number of questions that I am answering below one by one:

    1.      So how do you understand the Qur'an?

    I think I have already answered this in an earlier comment as follows:

    "Take Yusuf Ali’s or any standard translation. Look up the verse 3:7. It asks you to focus only on those verses which you clearly understand and which relate to your living realities. Bear in mind these Qur’an’s rejoinders:  

    I.            It is a book of wisdom (10:1, 31:2, 43:4, 44:4).

    II.            It is made clear and distinct (12:1, 15:1, 16:64, 26:2, 27:1, 36:69, 43:2, 44:2)  with all kinds of illustrations (17:89, 18:54, 30:58, 39:27).

    III.            It guides humanity and brings it ‘out of darkness into light’ – an idiomatic expression that connotes social, moral and ethical reform; 

    IV.            Its mission was “to lift from humanity the burdens and shackles that were upon them from before” (7:157).

    V.            It declares its own completion and perfection before the close of the revelation (5:3).

    VI.            It claims to be its own best interpretation (25:33).

    VII.            It asks you to seek the best meaning in it (39:18,39:55).

    VIII.            Approach it with a pure heart (56:79)

     

    With this at the back of your mind, read any standard back to back, at least twice.

    A short cut would be to read my distillation of the juz ‘amm (Sura 78-114) posted on the website and all the Medinite verses.

    At the end of the exercise you have a fairly good idea of what the Qur’an expects of you.

    A still shorter way will be to read my articles, which is based on the interpretation of the Qur’an following the above regime. You will be able to cover different facets of the Qur’anic message from its own vocabulary and internal illustrations and cross references in a distilled and structured way as in a text book.  

    2.      Ahadith have second place to Quran in authenticity.  How Muslims can get rid off of this enmity? It is apparent from prevailing enmity in the society. No body can shut eyes from it.??

    This is answered as follows in p. 362/363 of my jointly authored book under Final note of Appeal for Muslims:

    It has been long overdue for Muslims to make an objective and honest assessment of their secondary theological literature, notably the Hadith sciences. There can be no doubt that they are essential to understanding how the Prophet and early Muslims complied with various Islamic rites and rituals, including Salat, Zakat and hajj. But the truth remains, their evolution is purely a construct of history, and accordingly they are conditioned and corrupted by a wide array of factors impacting across some two to three hundred years as analyzed earlier (Enc.4). Considering the canonized Hadith as we have in our hands today, on their face value as truths supplementing and complementing the Qur’an as many orthodox scholars advocate, or indirect inspiration as the classical theory of Islamic law suggests,5  may lead to the following, to the great detriment of the Muslim community:

    ·         The vast majority of Muslims, lay or educated, will have neither time, nor the necessary books, nor the scholarship to explore their expansive domains.

    ·         Different individuals, agencies, groups and states, will be able to pick conveniently from their theological sources to legitimize their views and deeds in the whole range of matters concerning their societies. Such matters could be of social, political or theological nature, or pertain to statecraft, educational curriculum and women’s status, for example. Likewise, they will be able to enter into polemics, and have their clerics pass fatwas against conflicting views on all such matters.

    ·         They will be questioning the completeness of the Qur’an as a font of guidance and divine criteria of right and wrong, despite its claim to be a book of wisdom that makes things clear with all kinds of illustrations and elaboration (Notes 7-10/Preface).

    ·         Their theologians will continue to nurture and perpetuate the thought process, scholastic disposition, and paradigms that were normative in the early centuries of Islam and characterize the Hadith literature, that is revered and taught by them, and thus keep those Muslims under their direct influence, intellectually rooted in that era, with grave consequences.

    ·         The modern Kharijites6 and Qaramites7 of Islam – the violent extremists, active in many countries of the world, will reduce Islam, in the eyes of the non-Muslims exposed to a patently biased media,8 to a cult of terrorism and suicide bombing, creating enormous difficulties for the common peace loving and law abiding Muslims settled in predominantly secular and non-Muslim societies.     

    3.      Who is a True Muslim? Kindly define one?

    This is answered in my exegetic work as follows:

    “The Qur’an uses the word Islam (root – SLM) in noun and verb forms with the connotation of orienting, submitting, surrendering, or committing oneself to God or to be at peace with God.2 The Qur’an further declares:

    “Indeed! Whoever commits (asslama) his whole being [lit., face] to God, and does good deeds - will get his reward from his Lord. There will be no fear upon them nor shall they grieve.” (2:112).

    “And who can be better in faith (din) than the one who orients (asslama) his whole being [Lit., face] to God, and does good deeds, and follows the way of Abraham, the upright one, and God took Abraham as a friend” (4:125).

    “And who is finer in speech than the one who invites to God, does good deeds and says: ‘I am of those who submit to God (muslimun)’” (41:33).

    In these verses, the Qur’an attributes the quality of doing good deeds to those who submit, or orient themselves to God (asslama, muslim). 

    Final comment. Access Amazon.com for the brief on my referenced book - Essential Message of Islam - and if the reviews appeal to you, order a copy to any Indian major bookstall that you can readily locate by Google Search.


    By muhammad yunus (1) - 7/16/2012 6:45:14 AM
  •  mohd yunus , Respected muhammad yunus (1) sahib
    There may not be any Quranic basis for enmity with other communities, but Ahatih are full of the same.
    Ahadith have second place to Quran in authenticity.  How Muslims can get rid off of this enmity? It is apparent from prevailing enmity in the society. No body can shut eyes from it.
    Muslims are not doing any thing wrong, the fuel is supplied by Ahadith, and their great scholars.
    According to this article some Ulema dont under stand true Islam. Can those be pointed? Every body in Muslims level the same accusation on others .
    Who under stand the True Islam, Sunnies, Shias, Devebandis, brailvies, ahle-hadith, munkreen-e-hadith, Ahle Quran? If someone find True Islam, is it not going to be a one more sect. followers will be called "True Islamists".
    Who is a True Muslim? Kindly define one. 
    Who will understand True Islam if not Ulema? Is it so difficult to understand Islam. though it is termed as Deen-e-fitrat, easy to follow. What if I dont understand True Islam as many Ulema don't? Am I bound to hell for eternity even if I am a sincere person.
    These are very fundamental and right questions. Please don't ask to keep me from asking questions. These may not be important for others but are for me.
    Why Allah is not helping? Are some of people bound to go to hell because Allah has created hell, and it will be filled by jins wa ins? After all it is Allah's creation and its Rizq is due on Allah.
    In science if  I am unable to understand some theory, I need not to believe it. There many persons who don't believe in Theory of Evolution. They are not bound for condemnation. In science:
    Questions are raised. A hypothesis is offered. Data is collected. If evidence is achieved, Hypothesis  becomes theory or otherwise rejected.
    In theology it is contrary. Theory is established, Data is may be collected or may not be collected. If  Data does not approve theory, Data is rejected. Some time Data is twisted to satisfy the theory.
    Am I Teaching you. Certainly not. You are highly educated and retired from reputed post. It is not in my dream to teach you. It is for those don't understand scientific method.
    Kindly, correct me if wrong.
    By mohd yunus - 7/16/2012 3:38:23 AM
  • Most of muslims dont give respect to non-muslims's funeral.
    1. First they don't participate in their funeral.
    2. They don't pray for them because it is useless to pray for them. They are going to hell due to their disbelief.
    3. When Muslims hear news of muslims's death they say Inna Lillahi  wa inna ilaihi rajioon. If they hear news of non-Muslim's death they say fanaa fin naar.

    I have seen many Non-Muslims who give utmost respect  to Muslim's funerals.

    Having this attitude towards non-Muslims we expect respect from others.
    I have seen many Muslims who says good words in presence of non-muslims, but turn to their true colour of hate in Muslim-only gatherings.
    Muslims want to take only. They are not ready to give.
    By mohd yunus - 7/12/2012 10:32:14 AM
  • Mr Ramesh wonders about the following:

    "a good article. A must read for all muslims. If muslims can follow the contents of the article we can have peaceful world. I request the author to comment on other verses of quran that incite hatred like,


    1. Non believers are enemies.

    2. Go in relentless pursuit of the enemies..

    3 . Idolators are the lowest of the creatures. etc.

    These verses show that Islam is an intolerant religion and a Muslims who reads Quran cannot respect a non muslim..."

    ----------------------

    1. Non believers are enemies.

    1400 years ago when Islam was taking root, it was being attacked overtly and covertly from those in the society having vested interests. They were warned about them. 

    2. Go in relentless pursuit of the enemies.

    Again that is what is done in a war. Not in times of peace.

    Those that do not have any hostile designs towards the Muslims are to be deal this way:

    60:8 As for such [of the unbelievers] as do not fight against you on account of [your] faith, and neither drive you forth from your homelands, God does not forbid you to show them kindness and to behave towards them with full equity: for, verily, God loves those who act equitably.


    3 . Idolators are the lowest of the creatures. etc.


    The Creator of the world is letting people know that those who worships idols besides God, for which He has given no permission, are like those creatures who do not use reason. Since Qur'an claims to be Word of God, God makes it His business to  state facts. That said, as long as idol worshipers are not hostile towards others, they are to be left alone as there is no compulsion in religion. The Qur'an asks such people to use their reason and avoid engaging in practices that end up harming their true inner selves and being exploited by priests for material gains.

    A Muslim has no hesitation in respecting a Non Muslim as long as the non Muslim is not hostile and does not treat them with disrespect. Please see the above quoted verse. 

    We also learn from the Qur'an that if Allah wanted, He would have created all following one way. He, however allows people to follow their ways and will let all know on the Day of Judgement who is on the right path (including Muslims). In the meantime, rather than engaging in conflict people are advised to compete with each other in good works.
    By Mubashir - 6/30/2012 8:44:12 PM

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