Shiite Militias Undermine the Anti-ISIS Campaign
By
David Ignatius
February 19, 2015
One of the weaknesses of the U.S.-led coalition
against ISIS is that America isn’t trusted as a messenger in much of the Arab
world. So it is important that Jordan’s King Abdullah II seems ready to play an
unusually visible role in organizing Arab opposition to the extremists.
Abdullah is moving against the Jihadis on two fronts,
ideological and military. He is bolstered by a rare national consensus in
Jordan after Lt. Moaz al-Kassasbeh was burned alive in a cage by the jihadis.
The pilot was from a bedrock tribal family in the East Bank town of Karak, and
his death angered and unified the country. Jordanians who have been carrying
placards saying “We are all Moaz” seem to mean it.
What’s crucial about Jordan’s new activism is that it
could give the coalition an Arab and Muslim face, rather than just an American
one. The U.S. is viewed with such deep suspicion in the region that Arab
leaders who cooperate too openly are often branded as puppets of the
“Crusaders.” At some political risk, Abdullah has decided to break that taboo.
The ideological side of the campaign will begin with
an effort to gather a core group of Arab and Muslim countries that share
opposition to ISIS. In addition to Jordan, this nucleus would likely include
Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Morocco and Pakistan.
This Muslim coalition plans to convene a conference
within the next month or so at Al-Azhar University in Egypt, which for
centuries has been the arbiter of mainstream Sunni doctrine. The hope is that
Al-Azhar would provide religious authority for a continuing battle against
extremism. The U.S. would help the coalition create a global network of
counter-messaging centers. This approach will be discussed this week at a White
House conference on violent extremism.
On the military side, the Jordanians have for weeks
been bombing ISIS targets in Iraq and Syria. But a more important move may be
their effort to work with the Iraqi government to arm and train a Sunni
“national guard” that can eventually help liberate Sunni areas that were
overrun last year by ISIS. This cooperation with the Shiite-led government in
Baghdad would once have been heresy for Jordan.
The Jordanians seem convinced that Iraqi Prime
Minister Haider al-Abadi, though friendly with Iran, is also serious about
outreach to Sunnis. The groundwork for cooperation was laid when Iraqi Defense
Minister Khaled al-Obeidi visited Amman in December. Gen. Meshaal al-Zaben,
Jordan’s military chief of staff, paid a reciprocal visit to Baghdad last week
to negotiate details of the training plan. But the deal hasn’t been pinned down
yet, which makes some Sunnis worry that it’s just talk.
Sunni tribal leaders in Iraq are caught between their
resentment of ISIS fighters who have seized their towns and their mistrust of
Abadi’s government. This ambivalence was evident Friday when I interviewed two
tribal leaders, Sheikh Zaydan al-Jibouri and Jalal al-Gaood. They were wary of
cooperating with Baghdad so long as Abadi allows Shiite militias to operate in
Anbar. An angry Zaydan showed grisly cellphone pictures of the corpses of two
members of his tribe who had been brutally murdered a week earlier by Shiite
militiamen in Ramadi.
But Sunni support for cooperation seemed to increase
Friday night after more than 50 tribal sheikhs met in Amman with the governor
of Anbar Province and the head of the governing council there. The visiting
Iraqis said that the Sunni speaker of the Iraqi parliament, Salim al-Jibouri,
would convene a Baghdad conference soon to rally resistance to the jihadis. The
sheikhs came away encouraged.
The deal breaker is the expanding role across Iraq of
the Shiite militias. If Abadi can’t prevent these Iranian-backed fighters from
operating in Sunni areas, the budding alliance between Amman and Baghdad is
likely to fail. It’s an example of the central dilemma in the U.S. strategy,
which requires cooperation between two groups that have been fighting a
sectarian war.
Until there’s solid evidence that Abadi is serious
about arming a Sunni national guard and containing the Shiite militias, I’m
skeptical about whether this strategy will work. But I agree with Gaood, a
leader of the Albu Nimr tribe that was ravaged last fall by the extremists.
Even after such disasters, he told me, if a just balance can be found in Iraq,
“we are all brought back from the brink.”
David Ignatius is published twice weekly by The Daily Star.
Source:
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Opinion/Columnist/2015/Feb-19/287940-shiite-militias-undermine-the-anti-isis-campaign.ashx#sthash.W9myUOMl.dpuf
URL: https://newageislam.com/radical-islamism-jihad/shiite-militias-undermine-anti-isis/d/101589